Citeseerx document details isaac councill, lee giles, pradeep teregowda. This list may not reflect recent changes learn more. The core of the discussed ontological framework is a top level ontology, called gfo general formal ontology, which is being developed at the university of leipzig. This chapter gives an overview on basic knowledge representation aspects and on ontologies as used within computer systems. Formal representation introduction to ontologies and. Ios press ebooks formal ontology in information systems. Above all, it presents graphical methods for representing conceptual systems that have proved themselves in communicating knowledge. The purpose of this paper is to defend the systematic introduction of formal ontological principles in the current practice of knowledge engineering, to explore the various relationships between ontology and knowledge representation. Usually this means that ontology describes concepts and relations. The second naive physics manifesto, in hobbs and moore eds. The formal foundations for ontology languages are in logic, and speci cally in description logics. Having a formal ontology at your disposal, especially when it consists of a formal upper layer enriched with concrete domainindependent middle layer concepts, can really aid the creation of a domain specific ontology.
Conceptual knowledge processing with formal concept. Fois 01 proceedings of the international conference on formal ontology in information systems volume 2001 pages 187197 ogunquit, maine, usa october 17 19, 2001. Quality is considered the union of those two sets, so. Ontologies have become important tools in biomedicine, supporting critical aspects of both health care and biomedical research, including clinical research 1. Ontologies and knowledge representation formal and informal ontologies informal ontology. Researchers in disciplines such as knowledge engineering, information systems modeling, artificial intelligence, formal and computational linguistics, information retrieval, library science, and knowledge management have come to realize that a solid foundation for their research calls for serious work in ontology, understood as a general theory. Pages in category knowledge representation the following 196 pages are in this category, out of 196 total.
Adverse childhood experiences ontology for mental health. There is an assumption commonly embraced by ontological engineers, an assumption which has its roots in the discipline of knowledge representation, to the effect that it is concepts which form the subjectmatter of ontology. Conceptual knowledge markup language ckml is an application of xml. Formal analysis of terms is extremely valuable when both attempting to reuse existing ontologies and extending them mcguinness et al.
The examples presented in this article are extracted from the analysis of the txtceram corpus,6 and more precisely from the study in context of the terminology of finished. This is the first textbook on formal concept analysis. Conceptual knowledge processing with formal concept analysis and ontologies philipp cimiano, andreas hotho, gerd stumme, julien tane. Proceedings of the international conference on formal ontology in information systems volume 2001 october 2001 pages 187. Formal ontology, conceptual analysis and knowledge representation nicola guarino abstract the purpose of this paper is to defend the systematic introduction of formal ontological principles in the current practice of knowledge engineering, to explore the various relationships between ontology and knowledge representation. Of course, the less formal description is used the easier it is to develop an ontology. Citeseerx toward principles for the design of ontologies. Conceptual knowledge processing with formal concept analysis. Towards principles for the design of ontologies used for knowledge sharing. Poli, editors, formal ontology in conceptual analysis and knowledge representation.
Kdd such as ontology engineering, association rule mining, machine learning, as well as relation to other established theories for representing knowledge processing, like description logics, conceptual graphs, and rough sets. We use advanced knowledge representation and semantic web tools and techniques to implement the ontology. Special issue on formal ontology in conceptual analysis. Quality the conceptual representation of anything that is a property a thing that is inherent in an entity, like eye color or an attribute a thing that has been assigned, or attributed, to an entity, like name or identi cation number. The advent of complex information systems which rely on robust and coherent formal representations of their subject ma. In computer science and information science, an ontology encompasses a representation, formal naming and definition of the categories, properties and relations between the concepts, data and entities that substantiate one, many or all domains of discourse.
Institute for formal ontology and medical information science, saarland university, 66041 saarbrucken, germany abstract. Formal ontology as a template to create novel specific domain ontologies. Formal ontology, conceptual analysis and knowledge representation, international journal of humancomputer studies. Formal concept analysis fca is widely applied to knowledge structuring and organization in relation to online content 567 27, 28, and thus it was used in the current study as the basis of. Formal ontology, conceptual analysis and knowledge. Conceptual graphs knowledge interchange format common logic description logics syntax and semantics translation to fopl.
After introducing ontologies in terms of their appearance, usage and classification, it addresses concrete ontology languages that are particularly important in the context of the semantic web. Ontology design with formal concept analysis 115ontology design with formal concept analysis 5 diagram are illustrated in the first step in the figure 2 the diagrams are generated using toscanaj tool 8. Knowledge representation and processing with formal concept analysis. Introduced by rudolf wille in the mid80s, formal concept analysis fca is a mathematical framework that offers conceptual data analysis and knowledge. National library of medicine, bethesda, maryland, usa. But the goal of this paper is to show the specific points of variance between information systems ontology and philosophical ontology in order to shed light on the transformation of the term ontology in its adoption by the information systems community. This paper is an analysis of design requirements for shared ontologies and a proposal for design criteria to guide the development of ontologies for knowledgesharing purposes. Formal ontology, conceptual analysis and knowledge representation.
Formal ontology, conceptual analysis and knowledge representation, international journal of humancomputer studies, 4356. More simply, an ontology is a way of showing the properties of a subject area and how they are related, by defining a set of concepts and. The purpose of this paper is to defend the systematic introduction of formal ontological principles in the current practice of knowledge engineering, to explore the various relationships between ontology and knowledge representation, and to present the recent trends in this. International journal of humancomputer studies vol 43.
Often an ontology of the domain is not a goal in itself. In many cases, however, socalled ontologies present their own methodological and architectural peculiarities. Ontology proceedings of the international conference on. This paper is an analysis of design requirements for shared ontologies and a proposal for design criteria to guide the development of ontologies for knowledge sharing purposes. Knowledge representation and processing with formal. It gives a systematic presentation of the mathematical foundations and their relation to applications in computer science, especially in data analysis and knowledge processing. Formal concept analysis fca is a method for deriving conceptual structures out of data. The purpose of this article is to show which kinds of resources should be available for designing a realworld ontology in a given application domain, and then how formal concept analysis and its extension relational concept analysis can be used for materializing an associated ontology. Knowledge representation and ontologies springerlink.
Knowledge representation incorporates findings from psychology about how humans solve problems. Pdf concepts, ontologies, and knowledge representation. Formal analysis of terms is extremely valuable when both attempting to reuse. Gruber, title toward principles for the design of ontologies used for knowledge sharing, booktitle in formal ontology in conceptual analysis and knowledge representation, kluwer academic publishers, in press. A separate section to each of the above topics is dedicated following a uniform outline. Kluwer academic publishers, deventer, the netherlands, 1993. Formal ontology and principles and prospects of knowledge. Ontology, originally a fundamental part of philosophical enquiry, is concerned with the analysis and categorization of what exists. Section 2 describes a usage model for ontologies in knowledge sharing. Apr 18, 20 during the last three decades, formal concept analysis fca became a well.
Toward principles for the design of ontologies used for. Concept lattice from initial objects and attributes. In some cases, the term ontology is just a fancy name denoting the result of familiar activities like conceptual analysis and domain modelling, carried out by means of standard methodologies. It provides criteria for distinguishing different types of objects concrete and abstract, existent and nonexistent, real and ideal, independent and dependent and their ties relations, dependencies and predication. You got it, knowledge representation is exactly what ontology is used for, and actually it need not even be given a logical representation in fact, getting involved in any formal logic icing or any kind of scientific research will only hopelessly. The point, from which we start to talk about ontology, about formal specification of conceptualization, is when at least one formal relation is defined and used between terms. We use advanced knowledge representation and semantic web tools and. The advent of complex information systems which rely on robust and coherent formal representations of their subject matter has led to a renewed focus on ontological enquiry, and the systematic study of such representations are at the center of the modern.
Abstract the purpose of this paper is to defend the systematic introduction of formal ontological principles in the current practice of knowledge engineering, to explore the various relationships between ontology and knowledge representation, and to present the recent trends in this promising research area. According to the modelling view of knowledge acquisition proposed by clancey, the. Pdf formal ontology, conceptual analysis and knowledge. The international workshop on formal ontology in conceptual analysis and knowledge representation, to be held in padova on march 1719, 1993, will focus on the methods used to develop and analyse such ontologies, with a special emphasis on formal ontology, recently defined by. Earlier versions of ckml followed rather exclusively the philosophy of conceptual knowledge processing ckp, a principled approach to knowledge representation and data analysis that advocates methods and instruments of conceptual knowledge processing which. On the other hand, if we have more formal and expressive description, then such description can be automatically processed, we can better capture the intended meaning, and sharing of ontology is easier. The purpose of this paper is to defend the systematic introduction of formal ontological principles in the current practice of knowledge engineering, to explore the various relationships between ontology and knowledge representation, and to present the recent trends in this promising research area.